260 research outputs found
Velocitap: Investigating fast mobile text entry using sentence-based decoding of touchscreen keyboard input
We present VelociTap: a state-of-the-art touchscreen keyboard
decoder that supports a sentence-based text entry approach.
VelociTap enables users to seamlessly choose from
three word-delimiter actions: pushing a space key, swiping
to the right, or simply omitting the space key and letting the
decoder infer spaces automatically. We demonstrate that VelociTap
has a significantly lower error rate than Google’s keyboard
while retaining the same entry rate. We show that intermediate
visual feedback does not significantly affect entry
or error rates and we find that using the space key results
in the most accurate results. We also demonstrate that enabling
flexible word-delimiter options does not incur an error
rate penalty. Finally, we investigate how small we can make
the keyboard when using VelociTap. We show that novice
users can reach a mean entry rate of 41 wpm on a 40mm wide
smartwatch-sized keyboard at a 3% character error rate.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available from ACM at http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=2702135
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Al/Ga-Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 Garnets as Li-Ion Solid-State Battery Electrolytes: Atomistic Insights into Local Coordination Environments and Their Influence on 17O, 27Al, and 71Ga NMR Spectra.
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) garnets are among the most promising solid electrolytes for next-generation all-solid-state Li-ion battery applications due to their high stabilities and ionic conductivities. To help determine the influence of different supervalent dopants on the crystal structure and site preferences, we combine solid-state 17O, 27Al, and 71Ga magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. DFT-based defect configuration analysis for the undoped and Al and/or Ga-doped LLZO variants uncovers an interplay between the local network of atoms and the observed NMR signals. Specifically, the two characteristic features observed in both 27Al and 71Ga NMR spectra result from both the deviations in the polyhedral coordination/site-symmetry within the 4-fold coordinated Li1/24d sites (rather than the doping of the other Li2/96h or La sites) and with the number of occupied adjacent Li2 sites that share oxygen atoms with these dopant sites. The sharp 27Al and 71Ga resonances arise from dopants located at a highly symmetric tetrahedral 24d site with four corner-sharing LiO4 neighbors, whereas the broader features originate from highly distorted dopant sites with fewer or no immediate LiO4 neighbors. A correlation between the size of the 27Al/71Ga quadrupolar coupling and the distortion of the doping sites (viz. XO4/XO5/XO6 with X = {Al/Ga}) is established. 17O MAS NMR spectra for these systems provide insights into the oxygen connectivity network: 17O signals originating from the dopant-coordinating oxygens are resolved and used for further characterization of the microenvironments at the dopant and other sites.-EPSRC,Grant No: EP/P003532/1
-DFG, Research Fellowship GR 5342/1-1
-EPSRC iCASE (Award No:1834544)
-Royal Society Professorship(RP\R1\180147)
-Resources by the "Cambridge Service for Data Driven Discovery" (CSD3, http://csd3.cam.ac.uk) system operated by the University of Cambridge Research Computing Service funded by EPSRC
Tier-2 capital grant EP/P020259/1.
-Resources from the ARCHER UK National Computing Service, funded by the EPSRC (EP/P003532/1)
High field magnetic resonant properties of beta'-(ET)2SF5CF2SO3
A systematic electron spin resonance (ESR) investigation of the low
temperature regime for the (ET)2SF5CF2SO3 system was performed in the frequency
range of ~200-700 GHz, using backward wave oscillator sources, and at fields up
to 25 T. Newly acquired access to the high frequency and fields shows
experimental ESR results in agreement with the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)
investigation, revealing evidence that the transition seen at 20 K is not of
conventional spin-Peierls order. A significant change of the spin resonance
spectrum in beta'-(ET)2SF5CF2SO3 at low temperatures, indicates a transition
into a three-dimensional-antiferromagnetic (3D AFM) phase.Comment: 4 pages, 7 figures, minor grammatical change
Al/Ga-Doped Li7La3Zr2O12 Garnets as Li-Ion Solid-State Battery Electrolytes: Atomistic Insights into Local Coordination Environments and Their Influence on 17O, 27Al, and 71Ga NMR Spectra.
Li7La3Zr2O12 (LLZO) garnets are among the most promising solid electrolytes for next-generation all-solid-state Li-ion battery applications due to their high stabilities and ionic conductivities. To help determine the influence of different supervalent dopants on the crystal structure and site preferences, we combine solid-state 17O, 27Al, and 71Ga magic angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy and density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. DFT-based defect configuration analysis for the undoped and Al and/or Ga-doped LLZO variants uncovers an interplay between the local network of atoms and the observed NMR signals. Specifically, the two characteristic features observed in both 27Al and 71Ga NMR spectra result from both the deviations in the polyhedral coordination/site-symmetry within the 4-fold coordinated Li1/24d sites (rather than the doping of the other Li2/96h or La sites) and with the number of occupied adjacent Li2 sites that share oxygen atoms with these dopant sites. The sharp 27Al and 71Ga resonances arise from dopants located at a highly symmetric tetrahedral 24d site with four corner-sharing LiO4 neighbors, whereas the broader features originate from highly distorted dopant sites with fewer or no immediate LiO4 neighbors. A correlation between the size of the 27Al/71Ga quadrupolar coupling and the distortion of the doping sites (viz. XO4/XO5/XO6 with X = {Al/Ga}) is established. 17O MAS NMR spectra for these systems provide insights into the oxygen connectivity network: 17O signals originating from the dopant-coordinating oxygens are resolved and used for further characterization of the microenvironments at the dopant and other sites.-EPSRC,Grant No: EP/P003532/1
-DFG, Research Fellowship GR 5342/1-1
-EPSRC iCASE (Award No:1834544)
-Royal Society Professorship(RP\R1\180147)
-Resources by the "Cambridge Service for Data Driven Discovery" (CSD3, http://csd3.cam.ac.uk) system operated by the University of Cambridge Research Computing Service funded by EPSRC
Tier-2 capital grant EP/P020259/1.
-Resources from the ARCHER UK National Computing Service, funded by the EPSRC (EP/P003532/1)
Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection Is Associated With Renal Impairment Among Zambian HIV-Infected Adults
Among 6789 HIV-infected Zambian adults screened for hepatitis B virus (HBV) coinfection, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 50-90 mL/minute/1.73 m2 in 17.6% and <50 mL/minute/1.73 m2 in 2.5%. Human immunodeficiency virus/HBV coinfection was associated with eGFR <50 mL/minute/1.73 m2 (adjusted odds ratio, 1.96 [95% confidence interval, 1.34-2.86]), adjusted for age, sex, CD4+ count, and World Health Organization disease stag
Activation and Oxidation of Mesitylene C−H Bonds by (Phebox)Iridium(III) Complexes
A pincer iridium(III) complex, (Phebox)Ir(OAc)_2OH_2 (1) (Phebox = 3,5-dimethylphenyl-2,6-bis(oxazolinyl)), selectively cleaves the benzylic C–H bond of mesitylene to form an isolable iridium mesityl complex, (Phebox)Ir(mesityl)(OAc) (3), in >90% yield. The trifluoroacetate analogue, (Phebox)Ir(OCOCF_3)_2OH_2 (2), was synthesized to compare with complex 1 for C–H activation, and (Phebox)Ir(mesityl)(OCOCF_3) (4) was synthesized by ligand exchange of complex 3. Both complexes 1 and 2 catalyze H/D exchange between mesitylene and D2O at 180 °C, exclusively at the benzylic position; 2 gave a higher turnover number (11 TO) than 1 (6 TO) in 12 h. Using d4-acetic acid as the source of deuterium, up to 92 turnovers of benzylic H/D exchange of mesitylene were obtained with complex 1. (Phebox)Ir(OCOCF3)_2OH_2 catalyzed the benzylic C–H oxidation of mesitylene using Ag_2O as a terminal oxidant at 130 °C, to form 3,5-dimethylbenzaldehyde and 3,5-dimethylbenzoic acid in 35% ± 4% yield (5.1 ± 0.6 TO). DFT calculations were used to investigate two possible pathways for the catalytic oxidation of mesitylene: (1) C–H activation followed by oxy-functionalization and (2) Ir-oxo formation followed by outer-sphere C–H hydroxylation. Results of calculations of the C–H activation pathway appear to be the more consistent with the experimental observations
Charge Ordering in alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 by synchrotron x-ray diffraction
The spatial charge arrangement of a typical quasi-two-dimensional organic
conductor alpha-(BEDT-TTF)2I3 is revealed by single crystal structure analysis
using synchrotron radiation. The results show that the horizontal stripe type
structure, which was suggested by mean field theory, is established. We also
find the charge disproportion above the metal-insulator transition temperature
and a significant change in transfer integrals caused by the phase transition.
Our result elucidates the insulating phase of this material as a 2k_F charge
density localization.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 1 tabl
TetraÂkis(1,2-dimethoxyÂethane-κ2 O,O′)ytterbium(II) bisÂ(μ2-phenylÂselenolato-κ2 Se:Se)bisÂ[bisÂ(phenylÂselenolato-κSe)mercurate(II)]
The title salt, [Yb(C4H10O2)4][Hg2(C6H5Se)6], consists of eight-coordinate homoleptic [Yb(DME)4]2+ dications (DME is 1,2-dimethoxyÂethane) countered with [Hg2(SePh)6]2− diÂanions. The cations and anions have twofold rotation and inversion symmetry, respectively. The Yb centre displays a square-antiÂprismatic coordination geometry and the Hg centre has a distorted tetraÂhedral coordination environment. One phenylÂselenolate anion and one methyl group of a DME ligand are disordered over two positions with equal occupancies. This structure is unique in that it represents a less common molÂecular lanthanide species in which the lanthanide ion is not directly bonded to an anionic ligand. There are no occurrences of the [Hg2(SePh)6]2− dianion in the Cambridge Structural Database (Version of November 2007), but there are similar oligomeric and polymeric Hgx(SePh)y species. The crystal structure is characterized by alternating layers of cations and anions stacked along the c axis
N-Methylimidazole Promotes The Reaction Of Homophthalic Anhydride With Imines
The addition of N-methylimidazole (NMI) to the reaction of homophthalic anhydride with imines such as pyridine-3-carboxaldehyde-N-trifluoroethylimine (9) reduces the amount of elimination byproduct and improves the yield of the formal cycloadduct, tetrahydroisoquinolonic carboxylate 10. Carboxanilides of such compounds are of interest as potential antimalarial agents. A mechanism that rationalizes the role of NMI is proposed, and a gram-scale procedure for the synthesis and resolution of 10 is also described
Charge Order with Structural Distortion in Organic Conductors: Comparison between \theta-(ET)2RbZn(SCN)4 and \alpha-(ET)2I3
Charge ordering with structural distortion in quasi-two-dimensional organic
conductors \theta-(ET)2RbZn(SCN)4 (ET=BEDT-TTF) and \alpha-(ET)2I3 is
investigated theoretically. By using the Hartree-Fock approximation for an
extended Hubbard model which includes both on-site and intersite Coulomb
interactions together with Peierls-type electron-lattice couplings, we examine
the role of lattice degrees of freedom on charge order. It is found that the
experimentally observed, horizontal charge order is stabilized by lattice
distortion in both compounds. In particular, the lattice effect is crucial to
the realization of the charge order in \theta-(ET)2RbZn(SCN)4, while the
peculiar band structure whose symmetry is lower than that of
\theta-(ET)2RbZn(SCN)4 in the metallic phase is also an important factor in
\alpha-(ET)2I3 together with the lattice distortion. For \alpha-(ET)2I3, we
obtain a phase transition from a charge-disproportionated metallic phase to the
horizontal charge order with lattice modulations, which is consistent with the
latest X-ray experimental result.Comment: 10 pages, 13 figures, to appear in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 77 (2008)
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